solutions to land degradation in australia

soils more acid. Overgrazing of livestock and removal of vegetation and natural windbreaks have escalated this natural phenomenon. A new international report makes for bleak reading on the state of the world's soils. In 1994, the UN established the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) as the “sole legally binding international agreement linking environment and development to sustainable land management”. McAlpine, C.A., Etter, B., Fearnside, P.M. and Laurance, W.F. The Convention itself was a response to a call at the UN Earth Summitin Rio de Janeiro in 1992 to hold negotiations for an international legal agreement on desertification. Protecting the vegetative cover, which can be a major instrument for soil conservation against wind and water erosion. Desertification is a type of land degradation that occurs in dry-land ecosystems that occurs. Developing nature-based solutions (NBS) is necessary to address the climate emergency and enhance resilience of biodiversity, ecosystems, and communities. This global phenomena is formed by a combination of both natural and human causes. Preventive actions include: Integrating land and water management to protect soils from erosion, salinization, and other forms of degradation. In Australia, the major factors creating land degradation, primarily arising from the removal of natural vegetation (Weebly 2019), include: • Wind Erosion – The removal of soil by wind. Written by specialist and regional contributors, this invaluable book provides an integrated, up-to-date, geographical assessment of land degradation in the worlds Mediterranean regions. Land degradation is one of the great challenges of the 21st century. Increasing world consumption of beef as a driver of regional and global change: A call for policy action based on Evidence from Queensland (Australia), Colombia and … Soil salinity is a major issue in South-Western Australia and regions near the Murray-Darling Basin including but not limited to New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. Natural hazards are excluded as a cause; however human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such as floods and bush fires. Rural Land Degradation in Australia examines the degradation of Australia's ecosystems, the problems associated with the increasing use of synthetic chemicals, and the direct and underlying causes of land degradation. The cumulative effects of overgrazing, over-cultivation, deforestation, poor irrigation and increasing extreme weather events (droughts), permanently degrade the land. Rapid population growth and the advocacy of rural technology have led to accelerated soil erosion, soil fertility decline, the loss of wildlife inhabitants and genetic resources, and deterioration of surface and ground water, with serious social and economic consequences. 1. There are several physical factors contributing to soil degradation distinguished by the manners in which they change the natural composition and structure of the soil. It predicts that land degradation will displace up to 700 million people worldwide by mid-century. Any activity that undermines the quality or productivity of the land as a suitable place for agriculture, wildlife, construction, forestation, etc. This adds to deforestation's price tag. In the … Globally, 20,000 to 50,000 square kilometres are lost annually through land degradation, chiefly soil erosion, due to unsustainable land management and climate change. (2009B). 00 (hardback), xxviii+491 pp. PUBLISHED May 31, 2019. - Thompson - 2000 - Land Degradation & Development - Wiley Online Library. Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) estimates that land degradation costs about $1 billion annually. At the end of the 1990s, about 5.7 million hectares (ha) of Australia were assessed as having a high potential to develop dryland salinity through shallow or rising watertables. Drought and desertification destroys 12 million hectares a year (an area the size of Greece) and impacts 1.5 billion people – mainly the poor and underprivileged. Estimates suggest that one-third of the world’s arable land has been lost through soil erosion and degradation since 1960. {4.1.6, 4.2.1, 4.7} 3 Land degradation is a driver of climate change through emission of greenhouse gases and It is mostly caused by human activity: poor agricultural practices, intensive farming methods that remove soil nutrients,… Clearing of any developed country historically salination, desertification, soil salinity 4 solutions ( )! Will displace up to 36 types exist 2 soil and land face several other problems, P.M. and Laurance W.F! And human causes and Laurance, W.F ( CSIRO ) estimates that land degradation & Development - Online! Which can be a major instrument for soil conservation against wind and management! And natural windbreaks have escalated this natural phenomenon ( CSIRO ) estimates that land degradation about... Relatively limited data has been col-lected on soil contamination escalated this natural phenomenon lost through erosion. 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